UNCAC
(The United Nations Convention Against Corruption)
#UNCAC (The United Nations Convention Against Corruption)
Link : https://www.unodc.org/romena/uncac.html
The United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) is the only international anti-corruption instrument that is universal and legally binding.
UNCAC Key Information
1. Adoption : 31 October 2003 by the UN General Assembly (Resolution 58/4).
2. Effective : December 14, 2005.
3. Secretariat : United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime ( UNODC ) in Vienna, Austria.
4. Membership Status : Has been ratified by more than 190 countries.
5. Indonesian Ratification : Ratified through Law Number 7 of 2006 .
Five Pillars of UNCAC
UNCAC consists of 5 main chapters that cover a comprehensive approach:
1. Preventive Measures : Establishment of anti-corruption institutions, transparency of public procurement, judicial integrity, private sector accounting standards, and strengthening of anti-money laundering regulations.
2. Criminalization and Law Enforcement (Criminalization) : Determination of types of criminal acts such as bribery of national/foreign public officials and the private sector, embezzlement, trading in influence, abuse of office, illicit enrichment , money laundering, and obstruction of justice.
3. International Cooperation : Extradition, mutual legal assistance , and joint investigations.
4. Asset Recovery : A mechanism for tracking, freezing, confiscating and returning assets resulting from cross-border corruption (supported by the StAR Initiative).
5. Technical Assistance and Information Exchange ( Technical Assistance ) : Training and exchange of best practices between participating countries.
Latest Developments in Indonesia (October 2026)
In October 2026, the Chairman of the National Economic Council (DEN) Luhut Binsar Pandjaitan proposed to President Prabowo Subianto to adjust the definition of corruption in Indonesia to align with the UNCAC.
The proposal suggests that the element of state financial loss be removed from the formulation of criminal acts of corruption and focus more on bribery and embezzlement, in order to provide legal certainty for state-owned enterprises and investment management institutions such as Danantara .
This discourse has drawn various responses and rejections from legal circles and community organizations such as PBNU, which stated that the UNCAC not only regulates bribery, but also covers abuse of office and other forms of violations.
